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Improved spike-in normalization clarifies the relationship between active histone modifications and transcription

GSE286875 Homo sapiens; Mus musculus Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing 244 samples Submitted 2025/10/29 Platform GPL30173Platform GPL21697Platform GPL30172
Summary
Spike-in normalization enables quantitative analysis of ChIP-sequencing (ChIP-seq) signal. Here we introduce a novel robust dual-spike-in normalization approach for ChIP-seq (ChIP-wrangler) and revisit recent claims that active histone marks are dependent on transcription. Concerned that previous studies improperly used spike-in normalization to arrive at their conclusions, we used ChIP-wrangler to show that acute depletion of RNA polymerase II has only a modest impact on the levels of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac. In line with other studies, our results provide proof that the maintenance of histone acetylation is not merely a consequence of ongoing transcription. Our innovative ChIP-seq normalization approach provides increased rigor and “guardrails” for successful spike-in normalization, and as applied here refines the understanding of the intricate crosstalk between RNA polymerase II activity and histone marks associated with transcription
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Direct links to NCBI, no account and no request form: the whole study as GSE286875_RAW.tar, processed values as the series matrix, the supplementary file directory, and per-sample supplementary files for any of the 244 samples. Raw sequencing reads are also available from ENA.

Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1217867 and SRA study SRP560966. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.

Study design
34 conditions, each sampled once — no replicated groups
HeLa-S3, Triptolide treated, 0hr, biological … ×2 HeLa-S3, Triptolide treated, 0hr, biological … ×2 HeLa-S3, Triptolide treated, 1hr, biological … ×2 HeLa-S3, Triptolide treated, 1hr, biological … ×2 HeLa-S3, Triptolide treated, 4hr, biological … ×2 HeLa-S3, Triptolide treated, 4hr, biological … ×2

Read from the first 40 of 244 sample titles: 34 distinct titles with little repetition. Check it against the sample list below before relying on it.

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