GEO series
Integrative CSF profiling identifies disease-specific immune responses in leptomeningeal disease
GSE286518
Homo sapiens
Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing; Other
42 samples
Submitted 2026/01/20
Platform GPL24676
Summary
Assessing anti-tumor immune responses and immune microenvironment alterations in central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms like brain tumors and leptomeningeal disease (LMD) provides prognostic insights and predictive biomarkers. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) liquid biopsy (LB) is a promising minimally-invasive approach, but its ability to reflect these processes remains unclear. We used single-cell RNA and T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing of CSF cells and spatial transcriptomics of CNS lesions in LMD patients with CNS lymphoma (CNSL), glioblastoma (GB), and brain metastases (BrM), compared to neuroinflammatory CNS disorders to unveil the immune complexity during the disease course. We identified disease-specific CSF environments reflecting parenchymal tumor microenvironment features. CNSL showed robust T cell responses, while BrM and GB were dominated by myeloid cells. Unique mechanisms of disease progression and resistance linked to CSF cell dynamics highlight the potential of scRNAseq-based CSF LB for uncovering disease biology, predicting biomarkers, and developing personalized therapies for CNS neoplasms.
Published in
Nieto P, Klinsing S, Caratù G et al.
· Cell reports. Medicine 2026
· PMID 41794040
· doi:10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102651
This dataset
Download
Direct links to NCBI, no account and no request form: the whole study as GSE286518_RAW.tar, processed values as the series matrix, the supplementary file directory, and per-sample supplementary files for any of the 42 samples. Raw sequencing reads are also available from ENA.
Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1209859 and SRA study SRP556948. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.
Study design
40 conditions, each sampled once — no replicated groups
Read from the first 40 of 42 sample titles: 40 distinct titles with little repetition. Check it against the sample list below before relying on it.
Samples in this study
0 selected
- GSM8728771 Patient 1 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728772 Patient 2 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728773 Patient 3 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728774 Patient 4 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728775 Patient 5 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728776 Patient 6 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728777 Patient 7 first CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728778 Patient 8 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728779 Patient 9 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728780 Patient 10 first CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728781 Patient 11 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728782 Patient 12 first CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728783 Patient 13 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728784 Patient 14 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728785 Patient 15 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728786 Patient 16 CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728787 Patient 7 second CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728788 Patient 10 second CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728789 Patient 12 second CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728790 Patient 12 third CSF sample gene expression
- GSM8728791 Patient 1 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728792 Patient 2 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728793 Patient 3 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728794 Patient 4 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728795 Patient 5 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728796 Patient 6 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728797 Patient 7 first CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728798 Patient 8 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728799 Patient 9 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728800 Patient 10 first CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728801 Patient 11 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728802 Patient 12 first CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728803 Patient 13 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728804 Patient 14 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728805 Patient 15 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728806 Patient 16 CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728807 Patient 7 second CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728808 Patient 10 second CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728809 Patient 12 second CSF sample TCR
- GSM8728810 Patient 12 third CSF sample TCR
+ 2 more — browse all 42 samples with per-sample file links →
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