GEO series
Combination of a CCL21-gene modified dendritic cell vaccine and pembrolizumab induces immune responses in non-small cell lung cancer
GSE317309
Homo sapiens; Mus musculus
Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing
64 samples
Submitted 2026/05/01
Platform GPL34284Platform GPL35012
Summary
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but resistance to these therapies is common. We report results from a phase I trial combining intratumoral administration of a CCL21-gene modified dendritic cell (CCL21-DC) vaccine with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced NSCLC. Among 23 patients that received trial therapy, there were no dose-limiting toxicities and a low incidence of treatment-related adverse events. Although no objective responses were observed, 36.8% of patients had a best response of stable disease (SD). Correlative analyses of longitudinal tumor biopsies revealed that disease stability was associated with reduced tumor mutational heterogeneity and increased intratumoral T cell receptor diversity following therapy. Post-treatment tumor biopsies exhibited increased CD4+ T cell infiltration and the presence of novel T cell clones that predominantly possessed CD4+ memory T cell phenotypes. These novel clones experienced greater clonal expansion and a transition towards exhausted phenotypes in SD samples. However, many novel clones failed to persist over time, and immunosuppressive myeloid signaling signatures were identified especially in progressive disease samples. Our findings demonstrated that CCL21-DC vaccination combined with pembrolizumab is safe and can promote antitumor immune responses in a subset of patients. However, efficacy may have been constrained due to limited tumor specificity of the T cell response and an inability to fully reprogram the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
This dataset
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Direct links to NCBI, no account and no request form: the whole study as GSE317309_RAW.tar, processed values as the series matrix, the supplementary file directory, and per-sample supplementary files for any of the 64 samples. Raw sequencing reads are also available from ENA.
Also filed as BioProject PRJNA1348488 and SRA study SRP663891. Searching any of these in the dataset finder brings you back here.
Study design
9 conditions, mostly in duplicate
Patient DCP09, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×3
Patient DCP10, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×3
Patient DCP14, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×3
Patient DCP12, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×2
Patient DCP16, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×2
Patient DCP17, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×2
Patient DCP18, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×2
Patient DCP19, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequenci… ×2
+20 more
Supports a between-group comparison across 21 samples.
9 replicated groups read from the first 40 of 64 sample titles; they account for 21 of them. Check it against the sample list below before relying on it.
Samples in this study
0 selected
- GSM9469055 Patient DCP01, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469056 Patient DCP02, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469057 Patient DCP03, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469058 Patient DCP06, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469059 Patient DCP07, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469060 Patient DCP09, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on D0, 21, 42
- GSM9469061 Patient DCP10, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469062 Patient DCP14, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469063 Patient DCP17, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469064 Patient DCP18, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on D0, 21, 42
- GSM9469065 Patient DCP19, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469066 Patient DCP22, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469067 Patient DCP24, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on D0, 21, 42
- GSM9469068 Patient DCP25, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469069 Patient DCP27, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on D0, 21, 42
- GSM9469070 Patient DCP29, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469071 Patient DCP30, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on Day 0, 21, 42, 63
- GSM9469072 Patient DCP31, 10x 3' expression multiflex library from PBMCs collected on D0, 21, 42
- GSM9469073 Patient DCP09, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D0
- GSM9469074 Patient DCP09, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D21
- GSM9469075 Patient DCP09, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D42
- GSM9469076 Patient DCP10, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D0
- GSM9469077 Patient DCP10, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D21
- GSM9469078 Patient DCP10, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D42
- GSM9469079 Patient DCP12, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D0
- GSM9469080 Patient DCP12, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D14
- GSM9469081 Patient DCP14, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D0
- GSM9469082 Patient DCP14, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D21
- GSM9469083 Patient DCP14, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D42
- GSM9469084 Patient DCP16, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D0
- GSM9469085 Patient DCP16, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D21
- GSM9469086 Patient DCP17, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D0
- GSM9469087 Patient DCP17, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D42
- GSM9469088 Patient DCP18, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D21
- GSM9469089 Patient DCP18, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D42
- GSM9469090 Patient DCP19, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing on day D0, sample 1
- GSM9469091 Patient DCP19, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing on day D0, sample 2
- GSM9469092 Patient DCP19, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D21
- GSM9469093 Patient DCP19, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D42
- GSM9469094 Patient DCP21, 10x Genomics 5' V(D)J sequencing of tumor biopsy on day D0
+ 24 more — browse all 64 samples with per-sample file links →
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